Welcome back! Call Vincent now for a FREE quote on your commercial roofing project 215-531-7727

Our last segment on environmentally friendly roofing system options detailed metal roofing systems.  Today’s article discusses rubber roofing systems, specifically, EPDM.

The Technical Stuff:

EPDM (Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer or Terpolymer) is simply a product consisting of three distinct monomers. EPDM is classified as a Thermoset material. This means it is either fully-cured prior to being installed or that it cures during natural weathering after installation. EPDM roofs are single-ply membranes (only one-ply of roofing material) and not multiple plies laminated together.

EPDM, one of the common types of low-slope roofing materials, has been in use on roofs in the United States of America since the 1960’s and is one of the most common types of low-slope roofing materials. It is relatively inexpensive. It is simple to install. It is relatively clean to work with compared to conventional built-up roofs. Further, it doesn’t emit the odors and fumes that are often associated with built-up roofing systems. Vulcanized EPDM is the most common type of EPDM roofing system.  Non-vulcanized EPDM  is typically used for flashing purposes.

EPDM membrane thickness ranges from 30-mils (0.030″) to 100-mils (0.100″) with the most common thicknesses being 45-mils (0.045″) and 60-mils (0.060″). There are three standard application procedures: (1) fully-adhered; (2) mechanically-fastened; (3) loose-laid.

1. Fully-adhered EPDM uses water-based or solvent-based adhesives to adhere the EPDM rubber to the substrate.
2. Mechanically-fastened EPDM is attached to the substrate by manufacturer-approved mechanical methodology.
3. Loose-laid membranes are secured only at the perimeters and any penetrations. A ballast of round river rock or concrete pavers is used to hold the materials in place. The river rock is usually installed at a rate of 1000 - 1200 pounds per square (100 square feet of roofing surface) and the pavers typically weigh 20-pounds per square foot. Structural integrity is of paramount importance with a loose-laid roof system. The seams are sealed using either an adhesive or a splicing tape.

EPDM roofing is an efficient rubber roof style used on low-slope roofing surfaces. It is great for preventing leaks and is often installed for roofs that have problems with weathering, failing joints, and inflexibility.

EPDM Functionality:

EPDM is made of ethylene propylene diene M-class rubber. This type of rubber is advantageous in that it doesn’t pollute run-off water. As a result, the water that falls off EPDM roofs can be reused for sanitary purposes (for example: roof cleaning, watering a garden or lawn). This water can be reused or recycled with little or no treatment for landscape irrigation and other non-potable uses (often referred to as “gray water”).  This is why EPDM roofing systems also fall into the eco-friendly and/or “green” category of roofing options.

EPDM History:

As previously mentioned, EPDM has been used in roofs since the 1960s. During the 1990s, the attention to environment came to mainstream consciousness and recycling of EPDM started. Today, there are over one-billion square feet of EPDM roofs installed every year. More than twenty-billion EPDM roofs currently exist.

EPDM Benefits:

Highly dependable, economically beneficial, high durability, and high efficiency makes EPDM an attractive option to any building owner looking to a commercial, industrial, and institutional roofing contractor for a new roof or an upgrade to the existing roofing system. Additionally, an EPDM roof will often come with long warranty, low maintenance requirements, low installation labor costs, and generally garner rather easy code approvals. For regions subject to potentially catastrophic weather experiences, such as hurricanes - EPDM roofs have very high resistance, making them quite practical for those who live in those areas.

EPDM is Environmentally Friendly:

EPDM roofs are highly resistant to weathering, ozone, and surface damage. It is flexible in cold weather and still has high fire & heat resistance. EPDM is a sound choice for low-slope roofs and flat roofs that need to be waterproof and durable against the elements. With EPDM roofing, you will have little repair work, no leakage, and a secure roof over your head.

For those seeking eco-friendly, environmentally friendly options, the EPDM rubber roofing system substantially reduces the carbon footprint of a commercial or industrial building in a several ways. The lifespan of a rubber roof is up to 5-times longer than a felt roof. It lasts as much as 3-times longer than an asphalt roof. The installation of an EPDM roofing system is significantly more eco-friendly today. It doesn’t require the dangerous, lengthy use of heat and flames. Add to those benefits the facts that EPDM rubber sheet roofing provides outstanding thermal properties and is a most reliable sealant against water penetration, and you’re left with a fantastic choice in roofing systems with an eye on limiting the environmental impact.

We hope you’ll consider us strongly for your commercial, industrial, or institutional roofing needs.  As a reliable and effective roofing contractor in Philadelphia, the Lehigh Valley, Bucks County, Montgomery County, and many other surrounding areas, we believe our commitment to total customer satisfaction, our reliability, and our track record is one that will impress you.  Please give us a call today or drop us an email using our convenient request-for-quotation page.  Thank you!

Here is our list of the Top 10 Questions (okay, perhaps a few more than 10, in no particular order) every client should ask their commercial, industrial, and institutional roofing contractor:

1. Is this the best roofing system for this roof deck, my building, our climate?

It is estimated that defective design & engineering is responsible for nearly 50% of all roofing failures. Critical consideration must be given to drainage, windage, insulation, fire resistance, thermal expansion, tensile strength, puncture resistance, and watertight performance.  Some systems may not be practical for certain building types and locations. As an example, a “cool” roof may not afford the types of benefits we’ve spoken about in primarily cooler climates. A commercial building in Florida will stand to see substantial energy savings versus a similar building in North Dakota.

2. Is a complete roof tear-off required?

One of the top considerations in re-roofing projects is minimizing the environmental impact by reducing or eliminating waste.   Several types of roofing systems can be installed over your existing roof.  If we discover that option is a possibility for you, this will reduce construction time, lower your overall costs, and minimize trips to the landfill.

3. Does the roof system moderate temperatures in summer and winter?

Cool roofing systems, green roofing systems, and solar-integrated roof systems can help moderate indoor air temperatures, even if your building doesn’t have air conditioning.  The end result would be reduced energy costs and may even improve employee health, well-being, and morale.

4. What type of ventilation does my roofing system offer?

Ventilation systems can be either 1-way or 2-way, assuming it has a ventilation system at all.  In order to help reduce moisture and the appearance of mold - ventilated roofing systems are very desirable.  Ventilation allows the building to breathe and reduces the build-up of energy-sapping heat.  Either option is good for a building, but for more effective moisture evaporation, an Army Corps of Engineers study concludes that the 2-way ventilation is the way to go.

5. What is the roofing manufacturer’s reputation?

This “question” actually has a subset of very important questions regarding the manufacturer of your roofing system option:

• Does the manufacturer do a post-installation inspection?
• Does the manufacturer train, monitor, and grade/rate contractors?
• What is the range of life-expectancy (in years) for this type of roof system in this area?
• How much maintenance can I expect will be required and how often?
• What have been the primary failure modes with this type of roof? How are they resolved?

6. How long is the warranty?

Be certain to find out the length of the warranty.  Find out if it covers the entire roof system, including installation defects.  Find out if there are any exclusions and/or fees in the warranty for issues such as ponding water and collateral damages.

7. Is the roofing system Energy Star Compliant?

At the government’s Energy Star Website, you will find details regarding the minimum standards for the minimum reflectance during specific periods in the roofing system’s life. Initial reflectance must be at least 65%. After 3-years of exposure to weathering, it must have a minimum reflectance of 50%.  In addition to the Energy Star website, you can visit the Cool Roof Rating Council Website for ratings of various roofing systems for solar reflectance.  With this information, you’ll know whether or not your roofing system options are energy efficient.

8. Is my roofing system eligible for Federal tax deductions?

If it meets the ASHRAE 90.1 standard it does!  The American Society of Heating, Refrigeration, and Air Conditioning Engineers established standard 90.1 to set the minimum requirements for energy efficient building design.   This standard was adopted by the federal government in 1994.  The minimum solar reflectance requirement is 70% and the minimum solar emittance level is 75% for government facilities.

9. Is a system Life Cycle Assessment available for my roofing system options?

A life cycle assessment (LCA), is a science-based measurement of the environmental impact of a roofing system through its entire life cycle.  The parameters include material extraction costs, manufacturing waste, embedded energy, and recycling & reuse potential.  Additionally, you may want to follow up by asking if the materials manufacturer can provide a Life Cycle Costing analysis, which we posted about earlier in our White TPO Roofing System article.  Many building owners consider life cycle costs one of the most important aspects of a roofing system.  And if they don’t, they should!  Just ask us!

10. Does the manufacturer of the roofing materials for my project have a recycling program?

Several manufacturers have created recycling programs to collect materials once the roofing system and reached the end of its useful life.  The number of different types of products that much of this waste can be turned into continues to amaze us each day.  Some examples include, but are not limited to:  flooring, roadways, park benches, and yes - turned back into new roofing materials.

V.A. Morelli Construction, Inc., your roofing contractor in Philadelphia, the Lehigh Valley, Bucks and Montgomery County, and surrounding regions will work with you every step of the way to determine which roofing option is best for your investment.  Call us today!

Another one of the many environmentally conscious efforts in the commercial, industrial, and institutional roofing industry is using materials made from recycled content and/or may be recyclable in the future when replaced.  Our previous installment on environmental advances in roofing systems was the TPO roofing system.  We continue our series of eco-friendly roofing systems by discussing the metal roof.  Since we want to be your #1 choice for a roofing contractor, it is another of the many systems we offer to our clients in Philadelphia, Bucks County, Montgomery County, the Lehigh Valley and surrounding areas.

With the ever-expanding focus on protecting the environment, metal roofing options have grown by leaps and bounds within the roofing community. Metal roofing systems have a number of positives associated with them. Though the initial costs of such a roof are often higher than some other options, the long-term investment potential cannot be overlooked. Already, roofing systems made of steel offer one of the lowest life-cycle costs of any roofing material. In addition to being very long lasting, they can provide substantial energy savings for buildings, and they increase a structure’s resale value. In addition to energy savings of as much 40% (or more, depending upon your location), it can also reduce a building owner’s insurance premiums.

Unlike their metal counterparts, non-metal roofing systems may begin deteriorating just as soon as they are installed and become exposed to the elements. Wind, ultraviolent rays from the sun, winds, dramatic changes in temperatures - all have a higher impact on non-metal roofs versus metal roofs. It worst-case scenarios, the impact of the elements can dramatically decrease the service life of these systems. Depending upon the system chosen, the typical life-span of the non-metal roof is somewhere in the neighborhood of 15- and 20-years. Conversely, a metal roof can last as much as 3 times that long, depending on style, quality, and workmanship. Aesthetically, metal roofs come in a an expanding variety of designs, colors, and styles. Ask us about the options available to you.

Available metal roof materials include aluminum, steel, and copper… with the most common types being the steel and aluminum. All are available in a myriad of thicknesses but are most commonly 24-gauge steel and 1/32″ aluminum. Each type is incredibly durable and surprisingly easy to work with. This makes them a fantastic choice for both V.A. Morelli Construction, Inc. and our clients!

According to the American Iron and Steel Institute:

Steel roofing systems are also more environmentally efficient than other alternatives. Industry-wide, the overall recycling rate for steel is 68 percent – higher than paper, plastic and glass. And while most other materials are degraded in the recycling process, steel can be recycled over and over again without ever losing quality. Steel roofing systems in particular are 100 percent recyclable, and many manufacturers use as much as 50 percent recycled materials in fabricating their product.

Additional benefits associated with metal roofing systems:

• They don’t warp, crack, rot, curl, split, break, burn, or blow off.
• Most resistant to adverse conditions like hail, wind, freezing/thawing, high-temps.
• Available in wide variety of styles, patterns, designs, and colors.  It looks incredible!
• Lightweight - most styles are less than one-third the weight of asphalt systems.
• Energy efficient - can lower your utilities costs and increase employee comfort.
• Low maintenance.
• Long lasting and durable.
• Long warranty, some as long as 50-years!
• May reduce the cost of your building insurance and may increase the re-sale value of the structure.

Please give us a call and see if a metal roofing system will work for your organization.

Did you know?   You do now!  The economic stimulus package offers federal tax deductions for commercial buildings.  Yes, your Philadelphia commercial roofing contractor can even offer the occasional tax tip.

A tax deduction of up to $1.80 per square foot is available to owners or designers of new or existing commercial buildings that save at least 50% of the heating and cooling energy of a building that meets ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2001. Partial deductions of up to $.60 per square foot can be taken for measures affecting any one of three building systems: the building envelope, lighting, or heating and cooling systems. The systems must be or have been placed in service from January 1, 2006 through December 31, 2013 to qualify for the federal tax breaks. On October 3, 2008, President Bush signed into law a five-year extension of the deduction through December 31, 2013.   The extension was included in HR 1424, the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 which passed the Senate on October 1 by a vote of 74-25 and by the House on October 3 by a vote of  263-171.

A full deduction of up to $1.80/sf is available if it can be certified that the combined energy and power costs will be reduced by at least 50 percent. A partial deduction of up to $0.60/sf can be taken for those projects achieving energy improvements that don’t reach the 50% threshold for the full deduction. To qualify, the particular system must be certified to reduce total building energy and power costs by at least 16.67 percent. The deduction is prorated by the amount of reduction between $0.60 and $1.80/sf.

What about Pennsylvania state tax benefits?

In addition to potential tax benefits for building new or upgrading existing building which exist in our state, the commonwealth’s new, $25 million High Performance Building program will provide grants and loans to families and businesses constructing or renovating buildings that meet standards that measure a building’s overall sustainability. The program’s guidelines were approved just this week by the Commonwealth Financing Authority, a great incentive for commercial roofing projects in the Philadelphia area.

Funds are available to anyone building or renovating a primary residence and to businesses with 100 or fewer full-time employees.

Loans of up to $2 million are available for small businesses; the maximum loan for an individual residential project is $100,000. Grants are not to exceed $500,000, or 10 percent, of total eligible costs, whichever is less. Applicants may apply for a grant or a loan, but not both.

The CFA also may provide loan guarantees not to exceed $2 million for a business and $100,000 for an individual.

Applicants may use the funds to acquire the land, buildings, rights-of-way and easements that are necessary to build an eligible project; to clear and prepare land; for planning, designing, modeling or consulting services; to register and certify the project with the U.S. Green Building Council; or for construction and renovation.

Costs incurred prior to the approval of a project are ineligible.

After our article discussing Green Roofing Systems, we bring you another in our ongoing series of environmentally-friendly roofing options in the Philadelphia area. The TPO White Roofing System.

When your roof begins to fail, the typical response will be to manage what starts off as a small leak.  One small leak turns into several leaks.  The unseen damage can begin to take an even bigger toll.  The roof decking has been compromised.  Mold may start to develop.  Steel decking will begin to rust and weaken.  Tiny holes become larger holes and then bigger holes still.  It’s not long before you are spending many labor hours trying to manage leak sources and protecting the internal parts of your business critical to efficient operation: file systems, server and IT rooms, computers, desks and furniture, carpeting, ceiling tiles - the list of risks is endless.

It’s time to replace your 10-year old, 20-year old, 25-year old (or more) roofing system.  Aside from being outdated technology - it’s failing and putting your operation at risk.  Today’s technology is state-of-the-art, using advanced materials and coatings.  These technological advances have several major advantages over the traditional roofing materials that likely comprise your current roofing system.  Better still - it can provide a significant return on your investment.

Thermoplastic polyolefin (TPO) roofing membranes have been available for more than 10-years and have become one of the most popular single-ply membranes for commercial roofing applications. Additionally, reflective white TPO has the potential to provide a significant return on a building owner’s investment by aiding in the sometimes significant reduction in energy costs.

Life-cycle costing is a mix of the following four criteria, where average cost of each component is factored in and projected over a 10-year period or over the period equal to the anticipated length of the roofing warranty:

• Actual installation costs.
• Actual energy costs (i.e. yearly air-conditioning costs).
• On-going maintenance costs.
• Leak and repair costs.

Installation costs are only a small portion of the bigger picture when it comes to evaluating potential roofing systems. Too often, clients focus on the membrane or material square-foot price rather than the installed cost of the roofing system. Truth be told, less expensive roofing materials require significantly more labor to install than the more expensive ones. Also important to consider is that a low initial cost could turn into a high priced re-roof or tear-off much sooner in the future than anticipated. To get a true understanding of the cost, building owners need to take the installed cost and not simply the material price into consideration.

One often overlooked but very important component in the life-cycle equation is the color of the roofing surface. A white or light-colored roof (called reflective roofing systems) which reflects the sun’s energy play an important role in reducing the building’s long-term energy (heating and air-conditioning) costs.  Traditional black roof systems convert the sun’s light energy into heat that saps a building’s air-conditioning efficiency and effectiveness.  The roof’s surface approaches 200 degrees Fahrenheit!  Understand that this unwanted heat will be transferred into the building, creating a greater strain on air-conditioning. This, in turn, means higher energy requirements and additional costs for the building’s owner.

The facts and figures support the predicted cost savings.  Factored over a 10-year period, a white roofing system in hot, southern states can save an estimated $250,000+ in energy costs alone when compared to a black-surfaced roof. The same model shows a savings of over $35,000 in colder climates (such as the Philadelphia area)  from a white-surfaced roof vs. a black. The computer model, funded by a manufacturer of white roofing systems, compares white and black roofing systems for a 100,000-square-foot, air-conditioned building. As this data indicates, energy savings decline the further north a building is located, but savings are still significant enough to warrant the evaluation of energy-efficient roof materials even in the northern states.  We’re doing more and more of these white-roofing systems every year. Since light-colored roofing is energy efficient, it allows designers of new buildings to consider other cost-saving advantages such as smaller air-conditioners, or eliminate air-conditioning altogether!

Depending on the roofing system selected, on-going maintenance can be an expensive annual budget item for building owners who choose the incorrect roofing system.  Typical maintenance for a TPO roofing system is fairly minimal and really only involves making sure that roof drains remain free and clear so that the roof can shed water efficiently. It is recommended to check drains at least twice each year, usually in the early spring and in the late fall, and after any major storms. In addition, as with any type of roof system, annual roof inspections are recommended.

If a TPO roof becomes damaged, repairs are relatively easy to make since the membrane remains thermoplastic and heat-weldable throughout its life. Repair costs can be incurred any time during the roof’s life where the damage is not covered by the roofing warranty. This includes damage to the roof caused by maintenance personnel. Depending on the type of roof, costs can include removing wet materials, repairing the deck, replacing wet insulation, and even tearing off the old roofing system.

The decision on which roofing system to choose should take into account all factors, not just the dollar figure. These should, as appropriate, the immediate cost, the current roofing system on the building, the building design, and the experience and recommendations of our experts. The way to make the best decision is to take into account all the installation and maintenance costs and don’t forget to factor in the potential energy savings of each option. This is the best way to make an informed decision and get a clear picture of the true cost of a roofing system. Armed with the appropriate information, your decision will make the best sense in the long run for your organization’s future.

Next in our series: Metal Roofing Systems…